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Dissociative amnesia - what is it and how to recognize it?25 sierpnia 2025 |
Dissociative amnesia is a psychological defense mechanism that causes the mind to effectively block access to memories related to trauma or severe stress. It is not the result of brain damage, but rather a mental disconnection that helps a person cope with overwhelming emotions. This type of amnesia may involve forgetting important events, people, or entire periods of life, even though these memories physically still exist in the brain.
The duration is individual and depends on the course of therapy. In some cases, a single psychotherapy session is enough, while in others it may take many months or even years. Patience, a sense of safety, and a process aligned with the patient’s psychological pace are crucial.
A person with dissociative amnesia may suddenly stop remembering a traumatic event from the past, but also everyday situations that would normally be obvious. A characteristic sign is losing track of time, meaning sudden disorientation and difficulty recalling where they have been or what they were doing. Confabulation - creating false memories to fill memory gaps - is also common.
It usually develops in response to emotional overload, chronic stress, or painful relationships. Initially, the person experiences difficulties accessing memories, which they may not even notice themselves. Often, it is others who first observe inconsistencies in their story and suggest seeking help. Diagnosis requires a psychological interview and ruling out neurological causes.
It is difficult to notice dissociative amnesia on your own. Often, only close friends or family spot the memory gaps or unusual behavior. Sudden lapses in memory regarding significant events, disorientation, and the presence of confabulations may indicate dissociative amnesia. However, proper diagnosis always requires professional assessment.
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