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How not to be defeated by tendinopathy?

24 marca 2022
Tendinopathy, tendon degeneration, leg pain
Tendinopathy is a condition characterized by damage or degeneration of tendons, which has become a common health issue. It refers to undesirable changes in tendons, the structures that connect muscles to bones. These changes may include degeneration, damage, or degeneration, leading to pain and loss of flexibility.

Among physically active individuals, tendinopathy is most commonly encountered. However, this condition affects not only athletes but also individuals leading a sedentary lifestyle, such as those working at a computer. It causes pain, swelling, or morning stiffness, impacting overall mobility. Therefore, it is crucial not to ignore tendinopathy.

When tendinopathy is trivialized or treated incorrectly, it often leads to chronic health difficulties. For some individuals, it impedes daily functioning, negatively affecting their quality of life. However, current medical knowledge offers effective treatment options.
Tendon degeneration, tendinopathy treatment, pain during movement

Symptoms and diagnosis of tendinopathy

For an accurate diagnosis of tendinopathy, it is essential to first understand and recognize characteristic symptoms, as this knowledge enables prompt and appropriate treatment for this condition. One of the main symptoms of tendinopathy is specific pain in the affected area, which may start as mild initially but intensifies as the disease progresses.

Another symptom is a limited range of motion, often observed in tendinopathy. Patients with tendinopathy experience difficulties in performing full movements related to the muscles associated with the affected tendon, resulting in this effect. Additionally, the area affected by tendinopathy may be warmer and swollen, causing the skin around the tendon to differ.

Tendinopathy also brings about pain during activity, which typically intensifies during specific movements, especially physical activities related to the affected area. Patients may experience pain during sleep, especially if the tendon is stressed during the night.
Only proper diagnosis and treatment will help overcome tendinopathy.
Standard diagnostic procedures include, above all, a thorough and detailed medical interview, similar to other conditions. Through it, the doctor will be able to build a diagnosis based on the type, duration, and intensity of pain, as well as all factors reported by the patient affecting potential aggravation or alleviation of these symptoms.

Physical examination is also important, during which the specialist will assess the area with suspected tendinopathy. This will help the specialist verify the diagnostic hypothesis by checking the range of motion, swelling, or pressure-related reactions, which is done through palpation. The specialist may prescribe functional tests to assess the patient's ability to perform daily activities despite the medical condition.

Medical imaging is often used, as widely available imaging studies provide detailed information about the tendon's condition, allowing for a more precise diagnosis. Mainly, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound (USG) are performed, which are safe techniques. In some cases, blood tests are conducted to rule out other causes of discomfort.
Tendinopathy, tendon damage, joint overload

Most common causes of tendinopathy

As a rule, tendinopathy can affect various age groups and lifestyles. However, there are specific causes that significantly increase the risk of tendinopathy. Understanding these causes is essential for preventing tendinopathy, as well as for effectively managing the condition if it occurs.

Exposing tendons to excessive loads, particularly during intense training or work requiring specific movements, is currently the most common cause of tendinopathy. These loads lead to degeneration of tendons and microdamage, which are initially unnoticed.

Another cause of tendinopathy is frequent use of improper techniques during work or training, damaging the body. Incorrect techniques, especially during exercises straining a specific tendon, generate excessive tension and overload, creating conditions for the development of tendinopathy in that area.

Rapid changes in physical activity also contribute to its development. This is mainly too abrupt intensity increase in training, which overloads tendons beyond their adaptive capabilities. Similarly, sudden changes in the type of exercises, switching from one type to another, affect the body's biomechanics. The use of inappropriate footwear or equipment also exposes tendons to additional loads.

Tendinopathy is also favored by age and obesity, which is a biological factor. The aging process is associated with natural tissue degeneration, including tendons. Therefore, older individuals are more susceptible to tendinopathy. Excessive body weight increases the load on joints, tendons, and other structures by generating additional force that impinges on them. This, in turn, leads to tendon overloads and many other ailments.

Additionally, tendinopathy may be caused by factors directly related to genetics or degenerations, which is not uncommon. Some individuals may be genetically predisposed to tendinopathy due to specific features of their tendon structure resulting from genetic mutations. Diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or gout often lead to partial tendon damage due to the specific nature of the conditions themselves.
Tendon damage, degenerative diseases, tendinopathy treatment
Tendon disorders, known as tendinopathies, can occur in various areas of the body. It's important to know the types of tendinopathies to be aware of how tendon inflammations in specific joints affect individuals. These are often caused by repetitive movements over an extended period.

The most common is shoulder tendinopathy, primarily involving inflammation of the tendons of the rotator cuff muscles. Among them, the supraspinatus muscle, responsible for lifting the arm sideways, is frequently mentioned, as well as the infraspinatus muscle, which allows lowering the arm. It can also affect the subscapularis muscle, enabling arm rotation, and the teres minor muscle, responsible for lifting the arm sideways.

Besides shoulder tendinopathy, which is common in individuals who excessively use their arms, elbow tendinopathy also occurs frequently. It is called tennis elbow in tennis players and golfer's elbow in golfers. It primarily affects the wrist extensor muscles involved in movements that allow bending the wrist. It can also occur in the finger muscles responsible for gripping and manipulating objects.

Often, jumper's knee refers to knee tendinopathy, affecting the knee joint. It most commonly occurs in the patellar ligament, responsible for stabilizing the patella in the knee joint, controlling the direction of action of the quadriceps muscle during knee extension. This type of tendinopathy is often seen in individuals engaged in activities like jumping or similar activities requiring frequent bending and straightening of the leg.

Another type is ankle tendinopathy, associated with tendons in the ankle joint. It mainly involves the Achilles tendon, which is crucial for the gastrocnemius muscle and soleus muscle, structures responsible for bending the ankle joint. Due to widespread knowledge of Greek mythology, it's a well-known condition.
Isometric exercises, tendon stretching, rehabilitation, physiotherapy

Rehabilitation and exercises for tendinopathy

Tendinopathy affects the biopsychosocial functioning of almost every patient, significantly limiting the physical activity of these individuals. However, well-planned rehabilitation, including performing exercises with a physiotherapist, can help alleviate symptoms significantly and contribute to restoring full mobility in individuals diagnosed with tendinopathy.

In the first phase of tendinopathy treatment, it is essential to eliminate the stimulus that triggers it, which involves reducing activity that may exacerbate pain. Rest provides damaged tendons with a chance for regeneration, a process that also occurs at night. Therefore, taking care of sleep hygiene is crucial, as it can be essential. It is also advisable to use pain reduction techniques, such as cold or heat therapy.

Subsequently, manual therapy can be helpful, including the modern and effective Kaltenborn-Evjenth method, represented nationally in Poland by Mirosław Dębski, one of the top specialists. Physiotherapists often use manual therapy to improve the flexibility and function of tendons. It may also include therapeutic massage to relax tense muscles surrounding the area affected by tendinopathy, enhancing regenerative capabilities.

Additionally, isometric exercises are used to effectively strengthen muscles without joint movement. Patients with tendinopathy should consult a physiotherapist to tailor these exercises to individual needs. A physiotherapist may also recommend eccentric exercises, involving controlled muscle movements, to gradually load the tendons and adapt them to function.

We also encourage you to explore other articles on the best sleep and health blog, as well as the Encyclopedia of Healthy Sleep prepared by the ONSEN® team of specialists. For those who care about spine health, we recommend a set of spine exercises prepared by our physiotherapist.
Orthopedic mattress, anti-decubitus mattresses, medical store

FAQ: Tendinopathy

What is tendinopathy?

Tendinopathy is a general medical term that describes various pathological conditions of tendons. It is characterized by significant changes in the structure of tendons, degeneration, or damage to these structures. This condition can affect tendons in different areas of the body, leading to pain, restricted movement, and loss of function.

What does rotator cuff tendinopathy mean?

Rotator cuff tendinopathy is a specific type of tendinopathy characterized by the deposition of calcium salts in the tendons of the rotator cuff muscles, located in the shoulder area. This process increases pressure in the tendon and reduces the space for surrounding tissues. It is also referred to as calcific tendinitis of the rotator cuff. It can result in pain, limited range of motion, and loss of shoulder function.

What is shoulder tendinopathy?

Shoulder tendinopathy is a general term covering all pathological conditions of tendons in the shoulder area. It primarily affects the muscles of the rotator cuff, such as the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, and teres minor. This condition may result from overuse, injury, or degeneration.

Who treats tendinopathy?

The treatment of tendinopathy is typically managed by various specialists, depending on the severity of the condition. The treatment plan usually involves orthopedic specialists, physiotherapists, and psychologists. Sometimes, rheumatologists and neurologists may also be involved. Consulting with a specialist allows for tailoring the therapy to the individual needs of the patient.

How is tendinopathy treated?

The treatment of tendinopathy depends on the severity of the condition and its underlying causes. In the early stages of tendinopathy, activity restriction, thermal therapy, and physiotherapy aimed at strengthening and stretching tendons are often recommended. It is also important to prioritize sleep hygiene. Symptomatic relief may involve pain relievers or corticosteroids. In more severe cases, consideration may be given to corticosteroid injections or even surgical intervention, especially if other methods do not yield results.

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