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ONSEN® BLOG / About health

Osteochondrosis – symptoms, causes, treatment

15 kwietnia 2024
osteochondrosis, bone disease, muscle weakness, shin pain
Contents
Causes of osteochondrosis
Symptoms of osteochondrosis
Diagnosis of osteochondrosis
Treatment methods for osteochondrosis
Rehabilitation in osteochondrosis
Prevention of osteochondrosis
Sleep with osteochondrosis
Osteochondrosis is essentially a group of diseases related to bone and cartilage growth disorders, which most commonly occur in children and adolescents during the growth period. Although these processes are natural for a developing organism, in the case of osteochondrosis, they lead to pain. They can also cause other discomforts, such as restricted mobility and permanent joint deformities. This condition most commonly affects joints such as the knees, hips, or spine, leading to various symptoms.

The development of osteochondrosis itself is associated with various factors. For many patients, it results from mechanical stress on the joints, but sometimes it can also occur due to nutritional deficiencies, which are still encountered. Therefore, adolescents who actively engage in sports, leading to joint stress, are considered particularly vulnerable. However, it also affects individuals leading a sedentary lifestyle, as their bodies are inherently weaker.
bone deformities, joint deformation, joint cartilage diseases

Causes of osteochondrosis

Osteochondrosis is an unpleasant condition that affects many people worldwide. Research indicates the hereditary nature of certain anatomical features of the musculoskeletal system, which may increase the risk of developing this condition to some extent. Hence, inheriting certain spinal or joint abnormalities can make someone more susceptible to osteochondrosis.

The development of osteochondrosis is influenced by the environment and habits. This shows that it's worthwhile to avoid extremes. It can be caused by excessive physical activity, which can lead to excessive joint stress, as well as a sedentary lifestyle, which causes atrophy or deficiencies. Additionally, poor dietary habits can also contribute to degenerative changes.

Understanding the factors that increase the risk of osteochondrosis is crucial in the context of treating osteochondrosis, as well as in preventing this condition. Therefore, it is important to take care of a healthy musculoskeletal system in a well-informed manner, including eliminating risk factors that may trigger this disease.
osteochondrosis, musculoskeletal system, joint diseases

Symptoms of osteochondrosis

In many cases, osteochondrosis can go unnoticed for a long time. Its symptoms may gradually increase, causing discomfort and hindering functioning. Pain is the first signal that may indicate it. Over time, it becomes more persistent and restricts movements, and only then do most patients undergo diagnostics. However, time works against them because osteochondrosis worsens with progression.

Another characteristic symptom of osteochondrosis is joint and muscle stiffness, especially in the morning or after prolonged periods of inactivity. Patients often notice that getting up in the morning becomes increasingly difficult, and movements become limited and painful. This stiffness can affect not only the performance of daily activities but also the quality of life and well-being. Individuals affected by osteochondrosis may experience severe fatigue, even with minimal effort, leading to a loss of motivation for physical activity.

Osteochondrosis can cause sensory disturbances and numbness in affected areas. Patients may also experience tingling or burning sensations in the area around the spine or joints. These unpleasant sensations are particularly troublesome when nerves are compressed, leading to radiating pain to other parts of the body. As a result, patients with osteochondrosis may have limited ability to perform certain activities, significantly affecting their lives.
morning stiffness, sensory disturbances, numbness, tingling

Diagnosis of osteochondrosis

Of course, treatment of osteochondrosis must be preceded by its diagnosis. Only then can it be effectively managed and ultimately overcome. This process typically involves assessing clinical symptoms, as well as physical examination and imaging studies to reveal the nature and location of changes.

The first step in diagnosing osteochondrosis is collecting a detailed medical history of the patient, including information about symptoms, risk factors, and past injuries. Significant attention is also paid to the location and character of pain, as well as factors influencing its intensity.

Physical examinations are also performed, including an assessment of range of motion and palpation tests. Additionally, neurological tests are conducted to evaluate muscle strength. The aim of these examinations is to help localize areas of pain or tension, which is key to accurate diagnosis. It also allows for assessment of the patient's condition, including degenerative changes in the spine or joints that contribute to osteochondrosis.

To assess the extent of changes, imaging studies are used, mainly CT or MRI scans, moving away from older methods such as X-rays, which provide limited visibility. These studies allow for a more precise evaluation of the spinal structure, joints, and soft tissues, enabling a more accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.
palpation examination, medical examinations, patient assessment

Treatment methods for osteochondrosis

As a rule, treatment of osteochondrosis involves a comprehensive approach aimed at alleviating symptoms and improving mobility function to prevent further progression of the condition. There are various treatment methods that can be applied individually or in group settings, depending on the severity of osteochondrosis in each patient and their needs.

One of the fundamental methods of treating osteochondrosis is pharmacological therapy, which includes the use of NSAIDs and muscle relaxants, usually in tablet form. These medications can help alleviate pain and reduce inflammation, contributing to the patient's comfort improvement, but they do not treat the underlying cause of osteochondrosis.

Causative treatment mainly involves rehabilitation and physiotherapy, which strengthen muscles. Their task is also to improve range of motion and body posture, effectively overcoming this disease. Physiotherapy often includes strengthening exercises, stretching, massage, as well as other relaxation and corrective techniques. A good rehabilitation program can significantly reduce the risk of relapses.

In some cases, when osteochondrosis symptoms are severe or do not respond to other treatments, surgical intervention may be necessary, i.e., invasive treatment. Surgeries may be performed to remove damaged tissues, but increasingly, surgeons also undertake spine or joint stabilization procedures. However, the final decision about surgery is made on an individual basis.
muscle relaxants, antispasmodic medication, muscle tension

Rehabilitation in osteochondrosis

Effective rehabilitation is an integral part of osteochondrosis treatment aimed at improving skeletal and muscle function, thereby alleviating symptoms of this condition. A tailored rehabilitation program specific to each individual can bring significant benefits, supporting them in their return to active life by reducing the risk of relapse.

The main goal of rehabilitation in osteochondrosis is to strengthen muscles, especially those that stabilize the spine and joints. Within such rehabilitation, a variety of strengthening exercises are performed, focusing on improving muscle strength and flexibility. This, in turn, aims to maintain proper body posture, resulting in reduced strain on affected areas.

Stretching exercises are also popular and widely used by many specialists. These exercises primarily help improve the flexibility of soft tissues, which is crucial for increasing range of motion. However, it's important to note that only regular exercise can permanently reduce joint stiffness.

Passive rehabilitation methods include therapeutic massages, which can be either superficial or deep. They are an effective tool in combating osteochondrosis. Massage can help relieve muscle tension, leading to pain reduction and improved blood circulation, contributing to faster recovery and therefore, returning to health.
rehabilitation, stretching, deep tissue massage, massage therapist

Prevention of osteochondrosis

A diligent approach to osteochondrosis prevention often reduces the risk of its occurrence and helps maintain the health of the musculoskeletal system over the long term. Among the key preventive measures, a healthy lifestyle stands out, which includes proper habits and physical activity.

Ensuring proper body posture in daily activities is also important, such as reducing the strain on the spine and joints while sitting, standing, or walking. Being aware of one's posture and using ergonomic solutions is fundamental to preventing osteochondrosis.

This is associated with regular physical activity, in which moderation should be maintained. This will help strengthen muscles and improve joint flexibility without the risk of injury. Consider activities such as swimming, yoga, or tai chi, as well as daily walks. This will benefit the musculoskeletal system while also increasing overall endurance.

Controlling weight is a significant aspect of prevention because excessive body weight leads to additional strain on the spine and joints, increasing the risk of diseases. A healthy diet, consisting of low sugar and fat content, along with exercise, is key to maintaining optimal weight, which reduces the risk of illness.
healthy lifestyle, exercises, swimming, yoga, tai chi

Sleep with osteochondrosis

As is known, sleep is incredibly important for maintaining health, including enhancing the effectiveness of treatment and rehabilitation, also in the case of osteochondrosis. Proper sleep is crucial for muscle tissue regeneration, which is associated with pain relief. It also enables maintaining correct body posture throughout the day.

It should be remembered that choosing a comfortable mattress has a significant impact on sleep comfort and spinal health. People with osteochondrosis should choose mattresses of medium firmness, which provide adequate spinal support, thereby reducing pressure on affected areas. Orthopedic pillows are an excellent complement, providing excellent support for the head and neck.

For those with osteochondrosis, sleep position is also extremely important. It is recommended for them to sleep on their side with slightly bent knees or on their back with a pillow under their knees, which helps maintain proper spinal curvature and also promotes muscle relaxation.

A regular daily rhythm, including adequate sleep duration, is also essential for people with osteochondrosis, allowing them to regenerate. Insufficient sleep can lead to increased pain resulting from worsened musculoskeletal function. Therefore, it is important to maintain a regular sleep-wake cycle to ensure proper rest every night.

We also encourage you to explore other articles on the best sleep and health blog, as well as the Encyclopedia of Healthy Sleep prepared by the ONSEN® team of specialists. For those who care about spine health, we recommend a set of spine exercises prepared by our physiotherapist.
mattresses for children, mattress for teenagers, breathable mattresses

FAQ: Osteochondrosis

What is osteochondrosis?

Osteochondrosis is a degenerative joint disease characterized primarily by damage to joint cartilage and bone. Osteochondrosis most commonly affects the spine, but it can also occur in other joints such as the knee or elbow.

Is osteochondrosis hereditary?

Osteochondrosis may result from genetic predispositions, but there is no evidence that it results from a specific mutation. It is believed that this predisposition is dependent on environmental factors and lifestyle.

What type of mattress should one sleep on with osteochondrosis?

For osteochondrosis, mattresses of medium firmness are recommended, providing adequate support for the spine. The Osaka Air mattress is the most rational choice here as it conforms to body shape and provides even weight distribution.

How to treat osteochondrosis?

Treatment for Osteochondrosis depends on the progression of the disease and symptoms. It may involve physiotherapy, pain medication, strengthening exercises for the back muscles, manual therapy, and in some cases, surgical interventions. It is important to initiate treatment for osteochondrosis as early as possible to prevent further damage.

Why do young people suffer from degenerative diseases?

Osteochondrosis is more commonly associated with children and adolescents. It is a type of degenerative disease that occurs in younger individuals due to injuries, incorrect posture, physical overexertion, obesity, genetic predispositions, or an unhealthy lifestyle. The modern lifestyle, which is predominantly sedentary, leads to many neglects in terms of maintaining proper posture, which also contributes to the development of diseases.

Contents
Causes of osteochondrosis
Symptoms of osteochondrosis
Diagnosis of osteochondrosis
Treatment methods for osteochondrosis
Rehabilitation in osteochondrosis
Prevention of osteochondrosis
Sleep with osteochondrosis
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